Daim ntawv teev cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj MTC rau cov chaw tsim khoom siv siab uas nrhiav cov hlau duplex 2205.

Cov tshev MTC uas cawm tau neeg txoj sia

Nkag Siab Txog Duplex 2205 Stainless Steel Composition Thiab Properties

Duplex 2205 stainless hlau, uas yog UNS S31803/S32205, yog ob-theemhlauuas muab cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm ob qho tib si ua keausteniticthiabferritic stainless hlaucov qauv me me. Cov khoom sib xyaw feem ntau muaj kwv yees li 22%chromium, 5%npib tsib, 3% molybdenum, thiab 0.17% nitrogen. Cov tshuaj lom neeg no ua tib zoo sib npaug tsim cov qauv me me uas muaj cov feem sib npaug ntawm cov theem austenite thiab ferrite, feem ntau tswj tau 35% txog 65% cov ntsiab lus ferrite. Cov qauv dual-phase muab yuav luag ob npaug ntawm cov zis ntawm cov qib austenitic ib txwm muaj thaum muab kev tiv thaiv zoo rauxeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yogkev xeb ntawm qhov pittingthiab kev ntxhov siab corrosion cracking nyob rau hauv chloride-bearing ib puag ncig.

Raulub thawv siabcov chaw tsim khoom, kev nkag siab txog cov khoom no yog qhov tseem ceeb vim tias txhua lub ntsiab lus ua haujlwm rau lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim kho. Chromium muab cov zaj duab xis oxide passive uas tiv taus kev tawm tsam corrosion. Nickel ua kom ruaj khov theem austenite thiab pab txhawb rau kev tawv. Molybdenum txhim kho kev tiv thaiv pitting, ntsuas los ntawm Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number (PREN), xam raws li PREN sib npaug %Cr ntxiv rau 3.3 zaug %Mo ntxiv rau 16 zaug %N. Rau duplex 2205, PREN yuav tsum yog kwv yees li 34 txog 35, uas ntau dua li PREN ib txwm muaj ntawm 23 txog 28 rauaustenitic stainless hlauqib zoo li 316L. Raws liKev Lag Luam Hlau Tshwj Xeeb ntawm North America, qhov kev tiv thaiv pitting zoo no ua rau duplex 2205 yog cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov chaw ua lag luam uas muaj kev kub ntxhov uas cov qib ib txwm yuav ua tsis tiav ua ntej lub sijhawm.

Cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm duplex 2205 ntxiv qhov sib txawv ntawm nws ib theemhlau tsis xebqib. Lub zog tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm 450 MPa (65 ksi) thiab lub zog tensile tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm 620 MPa (90 ksi) tso cai rau cov engineers tsim cov hlab ntsha phab ntsa nyias dua, txo cov nqi khoom siv thiab qhov hnyav ntawm kev tsim khoom yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev nyab xeeb. Qhov ntev tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm 25% ua kom muaj kev ywj pheej txaus rau kev tsim,vuam, thiab kev ua haujlwm sim siab. Cov khoom no tau teev tseg hauv ASTM A240 thiab ASME SA-240, cov qauv tswj hwm rau cov khoom siv phaj siab hauvhlaukev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb.

Vim Li Cas Kev Txheeb Xyuas Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj Xeem Zeb Tseem Ceeb Rau Cov Hau Dej Siab

Daim ntawv pov thawj kuaj lub zeb (MTC), tseem hu ua daim ntawv qhia kuaj lub zeb (MTR) lossis daim ntawv qhia kuaj cov khoom siv, yog daim ntawv pov thawj zoo uas lees paub ib pawg tshwj xeeb ntawmhlau tsis xebua tau raws li nws cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb. Rau cov chaw tsim khoom siv lub thawv siab, MTC yog ntau tshaj li kev cai lij choj. Nws yog pov thawj tseem ceeb tias cov khoom siv uas muab los yuav ua haujlwm tau zoo nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias, kub, thiab tshuaj lom neeg uas cov thawv siab ntsib thaum ua haujlwm. Lub Koom Haum Asmeskas ntawm Cov Kws Ua Haujlwm Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Boiler thiab Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) Ntu II hais tias txhua yam khoom siv hauv cov thawv siab uas muaj code-stamped yuav tsum tau sau tseg tag nrho nrog daim ntawv pov thawj kuaj xyuas. Yog tsis muaj MTC uas tau txheeb xyuas, lub thawv siab yuav tsis tuaj yeem tau txais nws daim ntawv ASME, thiab cov chaw tsim khoom yuav ntsib kev lav phib xaub rau kev tsis ua raws li txoj cai.

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev lees txais MTCs uas tsis tau lees paub lossis dag ntxias tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj heev. Hauv kev lag luam ua tshuaj lom neeg, lub thawv siab uas ua los ntawm cov khoom siv uas tsis ua raws li duplex 2205 cov lus qhia yuav ua tsis tiav hauv qab chloride kev ntxhov siab corrosion tawg hauv ob peb lub hlis ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Hauv kev siv roj thiab roj av, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov chaw pabcuam qaub uas muaj hydrogen sulfide, cov khoom siv uas tsis ua raws liNACE MR0175Cov kev cai ntawm qhov nyuaj tuaj yeem raug kev tawg ntawm sulfide, ua rau muaj kev tawg loj heev, kev ua qias tuaj ntawm ib puag ncig, thiab kev poob ntawm lub neej. Cov no tsis yog kev pheej hmoo hauv kev xav. Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Lub Tebchaws ntawm Boiler thiab Pressure Vessel feem ntau tshaj tawm cov xwm txheej uas taug qab mus rau qhov tsis ua tiav ntawm daim ntawv pov thawj khoom siv, qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev txheeb xyuas MTC rau txhua qhov kub ntawm cov khoom nkag mus rau hauv lub khw tsim khoom.

Kev nrhiav khoom thoob ntiaj teb ua rau muaj cov teeb meem no ntxiv. Thaum cov chaw tsim khoom siv lub thawv siab yuav duplex 2205 los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom txawv teb chaws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog los ntawm cov khw muag khoom uas muaj cov qauv tswj xyuas zoo sib txawv, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tau txais cov khoom siv nrog cov ntaub ntawv tsis tiav lossis tsis raug nce ntxiv. Cov teeb meem lus, cov qauv ntawv pov thawj tsis paub, thiab qhov deb ntawm lub chaw tsim khoom txhua yam ua rau muaj teeb meem kev txheeb xyuas. Qhov no yog vim li cas tsim kom muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov neeg muab khoom pob tshab, tsom mus rau qhov zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb. Cov neeg muab khoom muaj koob npe zoo liWow Stainlessnkag siab tias kev muab daim ntawv pov thawj kuaj xyuas zeb tiav thiab pov thawj tau tsis yog tsuas yog kev coj ua lag luam zoo xwb tab sis yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau kev pabcuam kev lag luam lub thawv siab ua haujlwm. Lawv cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev muab khoomduplex 2205 rau cov kws ua haujlwm tshuaj lom neeg hauv North Americaqhia txog qib kev ua raws li daim ntawv pov thawj uas cov neeg yuav khoom thoob ntiaj teb yuav tsum xav tau.

Kev Txheeb Xyuas Cov Tshuaj Lom Zem: Yuav Tsum Tshawb Xyuas Dab Tsi Ntawm Txhua MTC

Qhov seem tshuaj lom neeg ntawm daim ntawv pov thawj kuaj lub zeb yog thawj qhov chaw kuaj xyuas thiab tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev txheeb xyuas duplex 2205. Txhua MTC yuav tsum tshaj tawm ob qho kev tshuaj xyuas cua sov thiab cov nqi tshuaj xyuas khoom rau cov khoom tseem ceeb. Kev tshuaj xyuas cua sov sawv cev rau cov khoom sib xyaw uas tau txiav txim siab los ntawm cov qauv coj thaum lub sijhawm yaj lossis txheej txheem casting thawj zaug, thaum kev tshuaj xyuas khoom (tseem hu ua kev tshuaj xyuas kev kuaj xyuas) yog ua rau cov qauv coj los ntawm lub phaj tiav, daim ntawv, lossis yeeb nkab. Rau duplex 2205, cov tshuaj lom neeg sib xyaw ib ASTM A240 yuav tsum poob rau hauv cov ntau yam tshwj xeeb: chromium 22.0-23.0%, nickel 4.5-6.5%, molybdenum 3.0-3.5%, nitrogen 0.14-0.20%, carbon siab tshaj 0.030%, manganese siab tshaj 2.0%, silicon siab tshaj 1.0%, phosphorus siab tshaj 0.030%, thiab sulfur siab tshaj 0.020%. Kev kam rau siab ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas khoom tso cai rau ntau yam dav dua li kev tshuaj xyuas cua sov, tab sis qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb qhia txog cov teeb meem khoom siv.

Thaum tshuaj xyuas cov tshuaj lom neeg sib xyaw, xyuam xim rau cov nqi chromium thiab molybdenum, vim tias cov ntsiab lus no txiav txim siab ncaj qha rau PREN thiab kev tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm cov khoom. Yog tias chromium poob qis dua 21.5% lossis molybdenum poob qis dua 2.5% ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom, cov khoom siv yuav tsis xa cov kev tiv thaiv pitting xav tau hauv cov chaw chloride. Ib yam li ntawd, cov ntsiab lus nitrogen qis dua 0.14% tuaj yeem txo qis ob qho tib si lub zog thiab kev tiv thaiv corrosion. Cov ntsiab lus carbon yuav tsum qis dua 0.030% siab tshaj plaws, feem ntau nyob ib puag ncig 0.020% lossis qis dua, vim tias cov pa roj carbon ntau dhau ua rau carbide nag ntawm cov ciam teb noob thaum lub sijhawmvuam, ua rau thaj chaw uas raug cua sov tsis muaj zog. Muab cov nqi no piv rau cov kev cai hauvCov qauv ISOthiab cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv uas tau hais txog ntawm daim ntawv yuav khoom kom ntseeg tau tias ua raws li tag nrho.

Ib tug kws ua haujlwm zoo uas muaj kev paub dhau los kuj yuav nrhiav kev sib xws ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg uas tau tshaj tawm thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab. Yog tias cov tshuaj lom neeg qhia txog cov ntsiab lus nickel qis tab sis cov kev sim kho tshuab qhia txog cov ntsiab lus ferrite siab heev, qhov no qhia tau tias cov khoom siv yuav tau yaj tsis raug lossis cov tshuaj lom neeg yuav tau hloov kho tom qab kev tshuaj xyuas cua sov thawj zaug. Txhua qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov txiaj ntsig kho tshuab yuav tsum tau tshawb xyuas ntxiv, suav nrog kev sim tshuaj ntsuam xyuas ywj pheej ntawm cov qauv pov thawj ua ntej cov khoom siv nkag mus rau hauv kev tsim cov hlab siab.

Cov Khoom Siv Kho Tshuab thiab Cov Kev Xav Tau Hardness rau Kev Pabcuam Lub Vessel Siab

Cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm daim ntawv pov thawj xeem duplex 2205 yuav tsum qhia tau tias cov khoom siv ua tau raws li lossis tshaj qhov yuav tsum tau ua tsawg kawg nkaus uas tau teev tseg hauv ASTM A240 thiab ASME SA-240. Rau duplex 2205 stainless hlau phaj, cov yam tsawg kawg nkaus no yog: 0.2% offset yield strength ntawm 450 MPa (65 ksi), ultimate tensile strength ntawm 620 MPa (90 ksi), thiab elongation hauv 50 mm ntawm 25%. Cov khoom no qhia txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev ua kom muaj zog ntawm dual-phase microstructure thiab nitrogen ntxiv. Cov chaw tsim khoom siv siab yuav tsum chij txhua MTC qhov twg cov nqi tshaj tawm poob rau hauv 5% ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus specification txwv, vim qhov no yuav qhia tau tias cov khoom siv nyob ze ntawm ciam teb ntawm qhov zoo thiab tuaj yeem ua tsis tau thaum lub sijhawm tsim thiabvuamkev ua haujlwm.

Kev kuaj qhov nyuaj yog lwm qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ua kom paub tseeb. Rau cov ntawv thov duplex 2205, qhov nyuaj siab tshaj plaws yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 31 HRC (310 HBW lossis 332 HV). Txawm li cas los xij, rau cov ntawv thov kev pabcuam qaub uas tswj hwm los ntawmNACE MR0175/ISO 15156, qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws yog txwv rau 28 HRC (285 HBW). MTC yuav tsum qhia meej txog txoj kev sim nyuaj siv (Rockwell, Brinell, lossis Vickers) thiab qhov chaw sim. Rau cov ntaub ntawv phaj, qhov nyuaj feem ntau ntsuas ntawm qhov nruab nrab tuab. Yog tias MTC tshaj tawm cov nqi nyuaj yam tsis tau teev tseg txoj kev sim, qhov chaw, lossis qhov ntsuas, qhov no yog lub cim liab tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum ua rau tsis lees txais lossis rov sim cov khoom ua ntej pib tsim lub thawv siab.

Kev sim cuam tshuam Charpy V-notch muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb txog cov khoom siv lub zog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum kub qis. Txawm hais tias duplex 2205 feem ntau ua rau muaj kev tawv zoo heev txog li -50 degrees Celsius, MTC yuav tsum suav nrog cov txiaj ntsig kev sim cuam tshuam ntawm qhov kub uas tau teev tseg los ntawm cov cai tsim lub thawv siab. Cov lus qhia dav dav xav tau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm lub zog nqus ntawm 27 J (20 ft-lbf) rau cov qauv transverse. Rau cov thawv siab ua haujlwm hauv huab cua txias lossis tuav cov kua dej cryogenic, kev sim cuam tshuam ntawm qhov kub tsawg kawg nkaus yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Xyuas kom tseeb tias cov qauv xeem tau coj mus rau hauv qhov kev taw qhia raug piv rau qhov kev taw qhia dov, vim qhov no cuam tshuam rau cov nqi tshaj tawm. Lubhlaukev sib xyaw ua ke thiab kev sib npaug ntawm cov qauv me me cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau cov khoom no, ua rau kev tshuaj xyuas MTC kom meej yog qhov tseem ceeb.

Cov Cim Liab: Txheeb Xyuas Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj Xeem Zeb Uas Dag Los Yog Tsis Tseeb

Kev paub txog cov cim liab ntawm daim ntawv pov thawj kuaj lub tshuab yog ib qho kev txawj uas txhua tus neeg tsim khoom siv lub thawv siab yuav tsum tsim kom tiv thaiv lawv txoj kev lag luam thiab lawv cov neeg siv kawg. Cov cim liab pom tseeb tshaj plaws yog tus lej kub uas ploj lawm lossis nyeem tsis tau. Txhua MTC raug cai yuav tsum suav nrog tus lej kub tshwj xeeb uas taug qab cov khoom rov qab mus rau nws qhov yaj tshwj xeeb. Tus lej kub no kuj yuav tsum tau muab luam tawm lossis cim rau ntawm cov khoom nws tus kheej, thiab ob qho yuav tsum phim. Yog tias tus lej kub MTC tsis phim cov cim ntawm lub phaj lossis yeeb nkab, cov khoom yuav tsum raug cais tawm kom txog thaum qhov sib txawv daws tau. Qee tus neeg muag khoom dag ntxias yuav muab MTCs los ntawm ib qho kub ntawm cov khoom thaum xa cov khoom los ntawm lwm qhov kub qis dua.

Lwm lub cim liab tseem ceeb yog thaum txhua tus nqi tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab tau sib sau ua ke ntawm lossis ze rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus lossis siab tshaj plaws. Txawm hais tias nws muaj peev xwm ua tau rau cov nqi poob ntawm cov ciam teb tshwj xeeb, nws tsis zoo li txhua yam khoom thiab txhua yam khoom siv kho tshuab yuav ua li ntawd tib lub sijhawm ntawm tib MTC. Tus qauv no feem ntau qhia tias MTC tau tsim dua li los ntawm kev sim tiag tiag. Ib yam li ntawd, ua tib zoo saib xyuas MTC qhov twg cov khoom siv kho tshuab qhia cov nqi siab tsis zoo uas dhau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus. Txawm hais tias lub zog siab yuav zoo li xav tau, lub zog tso zis siab dhau hauv duplex 2205 tuaj yeem qhia cov ntsiab lus ferrite siab, uas txo qhov tawv thiab weldability. MTCs tseeb los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom muaj npe nrov feem ntau qhia cov nqi faib tawm ntuj hauv qhov ntau yam tshwj xeeb.

Qhov tsis muaj daim ntawv pov thawj los ntawm lub chaw kuaj mob sab nraud yog lwm qhov cim ceeb toom. Rau cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb ntawm lub thawv siab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas siv rau kev pabcuam hauv roj thiab roj av, kev ua tshuaj lom neeg, lossis cov chaw ua dej ntshiab, MTC yuav tsum muaj cov ntawv qhia txog kev xeem los ntawm cov chaw kuaj mob ywj pheej uas tau lees paub. Cov chaw tsim khoom muaj koob npe feem ntau koom nrog cov koom haum xws li SGS, Bureau Veritas, Lloyd's Register, lossis TUV los ua tim khawv rau kev xeem thiab txheeb xyuas cov txiaj ntsig. Yog tias tus neeg muag khoom tsis tuaj yeem muab cov ntaub ntawv xeem los ntawm tus neeg thib peb, lossis yog tias daim ntawv pov thawj los ntawm tus lej kub sib txawv ntawm MTC, ua tib zoo saib xyuas. Ib txwm txheeb xyuas qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev lees paub ntawm txhua lub chaw kuaj mob sab nraud uas tau hais txog ntawm daim ntawv pov thawj, thiab sib piv cov ntaub ntawv piv rau tag nrho cov khoom muaj los ntawm cov neeg muag khoom uas tau tsim tsa xws liWow Stainless, cov uas khaws cov ntaub ntawv zoo rau lawvhlau tsis xebcov kab khoom.

Yuav Ua Li Cas Txheeb Xyuas Qhov Tseeb ntawm MTC thiab Kev Taug Qab Cov Khoom Siv

Kev lees paub daim ntawv pov thawj kuaj lub zeb yuav tsum muaj txoj hauv kev uas tsis yog tsuas yog nyeem daim ntawv xwb. Kauj ruam thawj zaug yog tiv tauj lub zeb tsim khoom ncaj qha siv cov ntaub ntawv tiv tauj tau los ntawm nws tus kheej, tsis yog los ntawm MTC nws tus kheej lossis los ntawm tus neeg muag khoom uas nthuav qhia nws. Hu rau lub chaw haujlwm pov thawj zoo ntawm lub zeb thiab muab tus lej cua sov, cov lus qhia txog khoom, thiab hnub tsim khoom. Thov kom lawv paub tseeb tias MTC hauv koj lub cuab yeej puas phim lawv cov ntaub ntawv. Ntau lub zeb niaj hnub no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov nyob hauv Tebchaws Europe, Nyiv Pooj, Kaus Lim Qab Teb, thiab cov neeg tsim khoom hauv Suav teb, tswj cov ntaub ntawv taug qab online uas cov neeg yuav khoom tuaj yeem lees paub tus lej cua sov hauv lub sijhawm tiag tiag. Qhov kev lees paub ncaj qha nrog lub zeb no yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los lees paub qhov tseeb ntawm MTC.

Kauj ruam thib ob ntawm kev txheeb xyuas suav nrog kev thov cov ntawv qhia kev xeem ntxiv uas lees paub cov ntaub ntawv MTC tseem ceeb. Rau cov khoom siv duplex 2205, thov cov ntawv qhia kev xeem ultrasonic (UT) raws li ASTM A578, daim ntawv pov thawj kev xeem xeb raws li ASTM A923 (uas ntsuas qhov tsim nyog ntawm duplex microstructures), thiab cov ntawv qhia kev tshuaj xyuas qhov ntev lees paub qhov tuab, dav, thiab ntev. Sib piv cov txiaj ntsig UT nrog MTC kom ntseeg tau tias tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo sab hauv. Txoj kev xeem ASTM A923 tshwj xeeb ntes tau cov theem intermetallic xws li theem sigma uas tuaj yeem tsim thaum lub sijhawm kho cua sov tsis raug thiab ua rau puas tsuaj rau ob qho tib si kev tiv thaiv xeb thiab kev tawv hauv duplex.hlau tsis xeb.

Thaum kawg, piv cov ntaub ntawv MTC nrog cov txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov pawg ua ntej ntawm duplex 2205 los ntawm tib lub zeb thiab los ntawm tib tus neeg muag khoom. Tsim kom muaj cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg sib xyaw, cov khoom siv kho tshuab, thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sim. Cov nqi sib xws thoob plaws ntau qhov kub qhia txog kev ruaj khov, kev tswj hwm zoo. Kev hloov pauv sai sai hauv cov khoom sib xyaw lossis cov khoom ntawm cov pawg, txawm tias ob qho tib si ua tau raws li qhov tshwj xeeb, yuav qhia txog kev hloov pauv hauv kev nrhiav cov khoom siv raw, kev hloov pauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, lossis cov teeb meem tswj hwm zoo ntawm lub zeb. Rau cov chaw tsim khoom siab siab nrhiav thoob ntiaj teb, kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm no xav tau kev qhuab ntuas tab sis muab kev tiv thaiv tsis muaj txiaj ntsig tiv thaiv kev tau txais cov khoom tsis zoo. Xav txog kev ntiav tus kws kho hlau lossis tus kws ua haujlwm khoom siv los tshuaj xyuas MTCs rau cov lus txib muaj nqis siab lossis kev nyab xeeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum ua haujlwm nrog cov neeg muag khoom tshiab thawj zaug.

Duplex 2205 vs 316L vs Super Duplex 2507: Xaiv Qib Yog

Cov kws ua haujlwm ntawm lub thawv siab feem ntau ntsib qhov kev txiav txim siab uashlau tsis xebqib kom qhia meej rau ib daim ntawv thov. Peb qib uas feem ntau suav tias yog rau kev pabcuam corrosive yog 316L austenitic stainless hlau, duplex 2205, thiab super duplex 2507. Txhua qib muaj cov txiaj ntsig thiab cov kev txwv sib txawv uas yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam raws li cov xwm txheej ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb ntawm lub thawv siab. Kev nkag siab txog cov kev sib txawv no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev xaiv cov khoom siv uas tsim nyog thiab ua kom ntseeg tau tias kev pabcuam mus sij hawm ntev. Raws liSSINA, qhov kev xaiv ntawm qib nyob ntawm qhov chaw corrosive, qhov kub ua haujlwm, qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom siab, thiab lub neej ua haujlwm xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv.

Qib 316L yog lub austenitic workhorsehlau tsis xebrau cov chaw muaj zog corrosive nruab nrab. Nrog kwv yees li 16-18% chromium, 10-14% nickel, thiab 2-3% molybdenum, 316L muab kev tiv thaiv corrosion zoo thiab kev ua tau zoo heev thiab weldability. Txawm li cas los xij, nws PREN ntawm kwv yees li 23-26 ua rau nws yooj yim rau pitting thiab crevice corrosion hauv cov chaw muaj chloride concentrated, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum kub tshaj 50 degrees Celsius. Nws lub zog tso zis ntawm kwv yees li 170-205 MPa yog kwv yees li ib feem peb ntawm duplex 2205, xav tau cov phab ntsa tuab dua rau qhov ntsuas siab sib npaug. Qib 316L tseem yog qhov kev xaiv tsim nyog rau kev ua tshuaj lom neeg nruab nrab, khoom noj thiab dej haus, tshuaj, thiab kev siv vaj tse qhov twg chloride concentration qis thiab kev txhim kho tus nqi yog qhov tseem ceeb.

Duplex 2205 nyob hauv nruab nrab, muab kwv yees li ob npaug ntawm lub zog ntawm 316L thiab PREN ntawm 34-35, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau cov chaw muaj chloride ntau hauv cov chaw ua tshuaj lom neeg, cov chaw tsim roj thiab roj av, cov chaw desalination, thiab cov chaw tsim pulp thiab ntawv. Cov ntsiab lus nickel qis dua piv rau 316L kuj muab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm tus nqi ntau dua, vim tias tus nqi nickel tuaj yeem hloov pauv tau. Super duplex 2507, nrog kwv yees li 25% chromium, 7% nickel, thiab 4% molybdenum, muab PREN siab dua 40 thiab yuav tsum tau teev tseg tsuas yog thaum cov xwm txheej ua haujlwm tshaj qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm duplex 2205. Qhov no suav nrog cov xov xwm chloride concentrated heev, qhov kub siab dua 60 degrees Celsius hauv dej hiav txwv, cov chaw nyob deb ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv, thiab kev ua cov kua qaub hnyav. Txawm li cas los xij, super duplex 2507 xav tau cov txheej txheem vuam nruj dua, kev tswj hwm kev kho cua sov nruj dua, thiab cov nqi khoom siv siab dua, ua rau duplex 2205 yog qhov kev xaiv engineering nyiam rau feem ntau ntawm cov ntawv thov siab hauv kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb.

Cov Kev Siv Hauv Lub Ntiaj Teb Tiag: Qhov twg Duplex 2205 Pressure Vessels Zoo Tshaj Plaws

Kev siv cov hlau tsis xeb duplex 2205 hauv kev tsim cov hlab siab siv tau ntau yam lag luam hnyav uas cov xov xwm corrosive thiab cov siab siab sib sau ua ke. Hauv cov chaw ua tshuaj lom neeg thoob plaws Gulf Coast ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv Houston industrial corridor, duplex 2205 tau dhau los ua cov khoom siv txheem rau cov reactors, kem, cov khoom hloov pauv cua sov, thiab cov hlab cia khoom uas tuav cov dej ntws chloride nplua nuj. Ib lub Hoobkas tshuaj lom neeg hauv Houston uas teev duplex 2205 rau lub chaw tsim khoom organic chloride tshiab tau tshaj tawm tias lub neej ua haujlwm kwv yees nce ntxiv ntau dua 300% piv rau cov hlab 316L siv yav dhau los, uas tau xav tau hloov txhua peb txog tsib xyoos vim yog pitting thiab kev ntxhov siab corrosion cracking. Tus nqi khoom siv pib siab dua ntawm duplex 2205 tau raug them rov qab hauv thawj lub voj voog ua haujlwm los ntawm kev tshem tawm kev kaw tsis tau npaj tseg thiab cov nqi kho thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev.

Cov chaw ua haujlwm roj thiab roj av hauv hiav txwv North Hiav Txwv yog lwm daim ntawv thov tseem ceeb rau cov hlab ntsha siab duplex 2205. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev raug dej hiav txwv, hydrogen sulfide hauv cov kua dej tsim tawm, kev kub siab, thiab qhov kub thiab txias qis tsim ib qho chaw pabcuam uas xav tau tshaj plaws rau txhua yam khoom siv engineering. Cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv Hiav Txwv North Hiav Txwv tau ua tus qauv rau duplex 2205 rau cov txheej txheem tswj dej hiav txwv, cov txheej txheem sib cais, thiab cov hlab ntsha kho dej tsim tawm. Cov khoom siv tiv taus chloride kev ntxhov siab corrosion cracking thiab nws ua raws liNACE MR0175cov kev cai ntawm kev pabcuam ua rau nws tsim nyog rau cov ntawv thov no. Cov txheej txheem vuam rau North Sea duplex 2205 cov nkoj yuav tsum ua raws li cov kev cai zoo, suav nrog kev tswj cua sov nkag, kev txwv kub ntawm interpass, thiab kev txheeb xyuas cov ntsiab lus ferrite tom qab vuam kom ntseeg tau tias cov pob qij txha vuam ua haujlwm sib npaug rau cov khoom niam txiv.

Cov chaw tsim dej ntsev hauv Middle East, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv Saudi Arabia thiab United Arab Emirates, tau siv duplex 2205 rau cov kav dej siab, cov hlab ntsha ceev, thiab cov hlab ntsha osmosis rov qab. Qhov concentration ntawm chloride siab heev hauv Arabian Gulf dej hiav txwv (kwv yees li 45,000-50,000 mg / L tag nrho cov khoom yaj) ua ke nrog qhov kub thiab txias ntawm 40-55 degrees Celsius hauv cov txheej txheem thermal desalination ua rau 316L tsis haum vim muaj kev tawm tsam sai. Duplex 2205 muab qhov kev tiv thaiv corrosion tsim nyog thaum tso cai rau cov phab ntsa hlab ntsha nyias dua vim nws lub zog kho tshuab zoo dua, txo cov nqi khoom siv thiab kev tsim khoom. Kev lag luam pulp thiab ntawv hauv Scandinavia thiab South America kuj vam khom ntau rau duplex 2205 rau cov digesters, cov tshuaj ntxuav dawb, thiab cov hlab ntsha rov qab siv tshuaj uas tiv taus cov kua qaub chloride yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm tas mus li.

Kev Nrhiav Cov Kev Xyaum Zoo Tshaj Plaws rau Cov Chaw Tsim Khoom Siv Siab

Kev tsim kom muaj ib qho kev pab cuam tsim nyog rau cov neeg muab khoom yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev ua tiav duplex 2205 sourcing rau kev tsim cov hlab siab. Pib los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas tias lub Hoobkas tsim khoom tuav cov ntawv pov thawj tam sim no rau ISO 9001 kev tswj hwm zoo thiab, qhov twg siv tau, cov ntawv pov thawj kev lag luam tshwj xeeb xws li PED (Pressure Equipment Directive) kev pom zoo, NADCAP, lossis nuclear quality certifications. Thov kom muaj phau ntawv qhia zoo lossis daim phiaj xwm zoo los ntawm lub Hoobkas uas sau lawv cov txheej txheem tshuaj xyuas thiab kev sim rau cov qib duplex. Soj ntsuam lub Hoobkas lub peev xwm los ua txhua qhov kev sim uas xav tau hauv tsev, suav nrog kev tshuaj xyuas tshuaj (optical emission spectroscopy lossis XRF), kev sim kho tshuab (tensile, hardness, impact), kev sim corrosion (ASTM A923), thiab kev kuaj tsis puas tsuaj (ultrasonic testing). Cov Hoobkas uas yuav tsum tau xa cov kev sim tseem ceeb mus rau lwm tus yuav ua rau muaj kev ncua sijhawm thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv ntawm cov saw hlau ntawm kev saib xyuas.

Thaum tso cov xaj yuav khoom rau cov khoom siv lub nkoj siab duplex 2205, suav nrog cov kev cai tshwj xeeb rau cov ntsiab lus MTC thiab hom ntawv. Qhia meej tias MTC yuav tsum tau muab raws li EN 10204 Hom 3.1 (daim ntawv pov thawj tshuaj xyuas los ntawm tus tsim khoom) lossis Hom 3.2 (daim ntawv pov thawj tshuaj xyuas uas tau lees paub los ntawm lub koom haum ywj pheej), nyob ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm daim ntawv thov. Rau cov nkoj ASME code-stamped, EN 10204 Hom 3.1 yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua tsawg kawg nkaus. Rau cov ntawv thov offshore, nuclear, lossis lwm yam kev thov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, Daim ntawv pov thawj Hom 3.2 nrog kev sim neeg sab nraud yog qhov pom zoo. Hais meej meej txog cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog cov khoom siv (ASTM A240, ASME SA-240, lossis sib npaug), cov txheej txheem kuaj xav tau, kev taw qhia qauv, thiab cov qauv lees txais ntawm txhua daim ntawv xaj yuav khoom. Kev tsis meej pem hauv cov lus qhia yuav khoom yog qhov feem ntau ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb MTC ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom thiab cov neeg muag khoom.

Kev tsim kom muaj kev sib raug zoo mus sij hawm ntev nrog cov neeg muab khoom duplex 2205 uas tsim nyog muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev sib xws, kev ntseeg siab, thiab kev txhawb nqa kev siv tshuab.Wow Stainless, ua haujlwm los ntawm Ningbo, Suav teb, tau tsim nws lub koob npe nrov los ntawm kev muab cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj nrog cov ntaub ntawv tiav rau cov neeg yuav khoom thoob ntiaj teb. Lawv cov khoom lag luam tsis yog tsuas yog qib duplex xwb tab sis kuj muaj kev xaiv dav dav ntawm austenitic thiab ferritichlau tsis xebcov kauj, cov strips, thiab cov ntawv hauv qib xws li 304, 316L, 430, 409, thiab 201, muaj los ntawm lawvcov khoom teev npeRau cov chaw tsim khoom siv lub thawv siab uas tshuaj xyuas cov neeg muab khoom tshiab, pib nrog kev txiav txim sim me me, muab cov khoom tau txais rau kev kuaj xyuas ywj pheej, thiab tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv MTC kom zoo ua ntej cog lus yuav ntau dua. Txoj hauv kev qhuab qhia no rau kev tsim nyog rau cov neeg muab khoom tiv thaiv ob qho tib si chaw tsim khoom thiab cov neeg siv kawg uas vam khom kev ncaj ncees ntawm txhua lub thawv siab uas tau muab tso rau hauv kev pabcuam.